Mariculture
is the term used when referring to the farming of marine species by man. The
broader term called 'aquaculture' is what is used to describe all types of
production of aquatic species, both seawater and fresh water. Some types of
mariculture are truly historical whereas others are more modern-day. Mariculture
is the commercial farming of marine organisms. This form of farming has a long
history in Australia and has made a significant contribution to the nation's
marine products ($AUS708 million 2003/2004).
Mariculture
includes a wide range of species and culture methods. It is growing fast on a
global scale. At the same time the world population is rising and with it the
need for dietary protein. The expansion of mariculture can reduce pressure on
wild fish, shrimps and molluscs, because they reduce their market price and by
this the investments in fishing fleets, or they can increase the pressure due
to the use of fishmeal in feed for some mariculture-species.
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